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Destinations Our Contributor Witnesses Theyyam, Kerala's Mesmerising And Dramatic Dance Festival
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Our Contributor Witnesses Theyyam, Kerala's Mesmerising And Dramatic Dance Festival

A trip to Kannur, Kerala, brings you face to face with Theyyam, a dance ritual that narrates legends of gods, evil spirits, and local heroes.

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By: Hema Narayanan Published: Oct 23, 2021 08:00 AM IST

Our Contributor Witnesses Theyyam, Kerala's Mesmerising And Dramatic Dance Festival
An ancestral home, Koodali Thazhathu Veedu, gears up for the Theyyam festival.

A trip to Kannur, in North Kerala, brings you face to face with Theyyam, an extraordinary dance ritual that narrates legends of gods, evil spirits, and local heroes. By Hema Narayanan

I had seen striking photographs of Theyyam—faces splashed with vermillion, orange, and red, and bodies dressed in vibrant costumes.

Theyyam
An artiste dressed as Karuval Bhagavathi, the protector of the womb; Photo Courtesy: Hema Narayan

Theyyam is a ritual dance festival popular in north Kerala where men don the guise of different gods and bring to life the many legends of the state such as those of blood-sucking yakshis (evil spirits), serpent gods, warlords, and heroes of yore. The name literally translates to ‘demi-god’, and the performers are from Dalit communities.

Theyyam
The accessories are mostly in orange and red colours; Photo courtesy: Hema Narayanan

One fine morning in January 2020, I landed in Kannur and made my way to an over 400-year-old ancestral home named Koodali Thazhathu Veedu, on invitation—to witness the magic of Theyyam. For the residents of Koodali, Theyyam is an annual occasion, held at the end of January—on the 14th and 15th nights of the Malayalam month of Makaram.

Theyyam
a performer dressed up as Vettakkorumakan, believed to be the son of Lord Shiva; Photo courtesy: Hema Narayanan

As my first evening at Koodali drew near, family elders began distributing rice, pulses, and lentils, as a mark of respect to the artistes. Soon, the place was abuzz—palm leaves were being hung as embellishments, artistes were engrossed in face painting or mukhamezhutu, percussion and folk instruments were lined up, and the temples illuminated. Theyyam is performed in front of the Kalari, or the martial arts centre of the house, which enhances its spiritual atmosphere. Each Theyyam artiste has a distinct costume that features skirts, bracelets, chains, breastplates, garlands, and headgears made out of spliced bamboo and wooden planks covered with flowers and coconut leaves. The headgears are around six-to-seven metres high, and can go up to 18 metres for certain types of Theyyam.

Theyyam
Mukhamezhuthu, or the art of face painting in Theyyam, employs natural dyes; Photo courtesy: Hema Narayanan

There are more than 400 types of Theyyam, and as the evening went on, I was introduced to a few.

First up was a prelude called Thottam and Vellaattam. It is a subdued act without any elaborate costume during which the performer, also known as theyyam, narrates the origin of different Theyyams. In the final act of day one, Uchchitta Bhagavathi, the theyyam sat fearlessly on a pyre of jackfruit tree logs as sparks flew all around. The second day’s final act was by Agni Kantaakarnan, or fire theyyam, who walked in at 4am with 16 fire torches fastened around his waist. The swirling fire dance ended with him blessing the spectators and dropping the torches in a sequence.

Theyyam
Agni Kantaakarnan with 16 fire torches tied around his waist; Photo courtesy: Hema Narayanan

It is believed that the frenzied dancing, wild drumming, mime, and music of Theyyam can elevate humans to the stature of gods. As I watched this extraordinary festival unfold, I found myself nodding in agreement.

Rice and pulses are offered to the performers as a mark of respect; Photo courtesy: Hema Narayanan

Theyyam
Palm leaves are hung to decorate the area; Photo courtesy: Hema Narayanan

Theyyam
Other embellishments made from spliced bamboo and palm leaves. Photo courtesy: Hema Narayanan

Theyyam
Headgear woven using screw pine flowers and palm leaves; Photo courtesy: Hema Narayanan

Theyyam
Theyyam begins with chenda melam, or drum beats; Photo courtesy: Hema Narayanan

Theyyam
Coconuts laid out as offering; Photo courtesy: Hema Narayanan

Theyyam
Uchchitta Bhagavathi fearlessly sits on red hot coal to appease the gods; Photo courtesy: Hema Narayanan

Getting There

Kannur has an airport but it is not well connected to other major cities of the country. Fly to the airport in Kozhikode, which is at a distance of 102 km from Kannur.

Stay

State Beach Boutique Resort & Spa overlooks the Arabian Sea and flaunts the Victorian style of architecture. Doubles from INR 3,500.

Related: Ever Heard Of Mannarasala Ayilyam? A Unique Festival Of Snakes Celebrated In Kerala 

Written By

Hema Narayanan

Hema Narayanan

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